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History of Northamptonshire

Pre-Celtic and Celtic peoples settled in the region, and there are some traces of Roman settlements and roads. Most notably the Watling Street passed through the county, and there was an important Roman settlement called Lactodorum on the site of modern day Towcester. There were other Roman settlements at the site of Northampton, and along the Nene Valley near Raunds.

After the Romans left, the area became part of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Mercia, and Northampton functioned as an administrative centre. The area was overrun by the Danes (Vikings) in the 9th century and briefly became part of the Danelaw, but was later re-claimed by the Saxons.

The county was first recorded in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (1011), as Hamtunscire: the scire (shire) of Hamtun (the homestead). The "North" was added to distinguish Northampton from the other important Hamtun further south: Southampton.

Later, Rockingham Castle was built for William the Conqueror and was used as a Royal fortress until Elizabethan times. The now-ruined Fotheringhay castle was used to imprison Mary, Queen of Scots before her execution.

In 1460, during the Wars of the Roses, the Battle of Northampton took place and King Henry VI was captured.

During the English Civil War Northamptonshire strongly supported the Parliamentarian cause, and the Royalist forces suffered a crushing defeat at the Battle of Naseby in 1645 in the north of the county. King Charles I was later imprisoned at Holdenby House.

In the 18th and 19th centuries, parts of Northamptonshire became industrialized. Northampton and its surrounding areas, gained a sizeable shoe making and leather industry. And in the north of the county a large ironstone quarrying industry developed. In the 20th century, during the 1930s, the town of Corby was established as a major centre of the steel industry. Much of Northamptonshire nevertheless remains largely rural.

After the Second World War Northampton and Corby were designated as new towns. As of 2005 the government is encouraging development in the South Midlands area, including Kettering and Corby.

 

Places of interest

78 Derngate 

Althorp 

Barnwell Manor 

Billing Aquadrome 

Boughton House (home of the Dukes of Buccleuch), 

Blisworth tunnel

Brackley

Brampton Valley Way (linear park on a disused railway line) 

Burghley House (in the Soke of Peterborough, so formerly in Northants), 

Canons Ashby House 

Castle Ashby (home of the Marquess of Northampton),

Coton Manor Garden

Cottesbrooke Hall 

Daventry Country Park 

Deene Park 

Delapré Abbey

Easton Neston 

Elton Hall 

Fotheringhay Castle & Church

Geddington's Eleanor cross

Holdenby House 

Irchester Country Park 

Jurassic Way (long-distance footpath)

 Kelmarsh Hall 

Kirby Hall 

Lamport Hall 

Lyveden New Bield 

Pitsford Reservoir

Predbendal Manor House, Nassington 

Naseby Field

Northampton Cathedral

Northampton & Lamport Railway 

Northamptonshire Ironstone Railway 

Rockingham Castle 

Rockingham Forest 

Rockingham Motor Speedway

Rushton Triangular Lodge 

Salcey Forest 

Silverstone Circuit

Southwick Hall 

Stoke Bruerne Canal Museum 

Sulgrave Manor 

Syresham

Watford Locks

Whittlewood Forest 

Wicksteed Park

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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